Fabrication of PMMA nanocomposite biomaterials reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals extracted from rice husk for dental applications Articles uri icon

publication date

  • August 2024

start page

  • 2808

end page

  • 2825

issue

  • December 2024

volume

  • 12

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 2223-7690

Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)

  • 2223-7704

abstract

  • This study investigates the impact of incorporating a low content of CNC nanoparticles into PMMA, a widely used material in dentures, on the mechanical and tribological properties of the resulting nanocomposites. Achieving a uniform distribution of nanoparticles within the PMMA matrix is critical, accomplished through the ball milling process. The findings demonstrate that adding a small amount of nanoparticles has a negligible effect on the density of the PMMA composite, thereby preserving its lightweight nature.

    The hardness of the PMMA nanocomposite increases by 1.2%, attributed to the CNC addition. Enhancing CNC nanoparticle concentration from 0.2 to 0.8 wt% significantly improves Young¿s modulus and compressive yield strength by 43.2% and 43.24%, respectively, compared to pure PMMA. Notably, the fracture toughness of the 0.8 wt% PMMA nanocomposite exhibits a remarkable 90% increase.

    The incorporation of low-loading CNC nanoparticles also reduces the friction coefficient by 34.8% and enhances wear resistance under varying normal loads and sliding distances, as confirmed by tribological testing. Finite element analysis reveals that the addition of CNC nanoparticles enhances load-carrying capacity, reduces stress levels, and minimizes the thickness of the wear layer. Surface wear analysis shows a transition in the wear mechanism and a reduction in wear characteristics with increased CNC nanoparticle content. These advancements highlight the potential of CNC-enhanced PMMA for applications requiring superior mechanical performance and durability.

subjects

  • Industrial Engineering

keywords

  • polymethyl methacrylate nanocomposite; cellulose nanocrystals; denture materials; rice husk; polymethyl methacrylate (pmma); wear resistance