Economic growth, energy intensity and the energy mix Articles uri icon

authors

  • DIAZ RODRIGUEZ, ANTONIA
  • Marrero, Gustavo A.
  • Puch, Luis A.
  • Rodriguez, Jesus

publication date

  • June 2019

start page

  • 1056

end page

  • 1077

issue

  • C

volume

  • 81

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0140-9883

Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)

  • 1873-6181

abstract

  • This paper explores how changes in energy intensity and the switch to renewables can boost economic growth. To do so, we implement a dynamic panel data approach on a sample of 134 countries over the period 1960 to 2010. We incorporate a set of control variables, related to human and physical capital, socio-economic conditions, policies and institutions, which have been widely used in the literature on economic growth. Given the current state of technology, improving energy intensity is growth enhancing at the worldwide level. Moreover, conditional to energy intensity, moving from fossil fuels to frontier renewables (wind, solar, wave or geothermic) is also positively correlated with growth. Our results are robust to the specification of the dynamic panel with respect to alternative approaches (pooled OLS, within group or system GMM), and to alternative specifications (accounting for heterogeneity across countries, a set of institutional factors, and other technical aspects).

keywords

  • dynamic panel data models; energy intensity; growth; renewables