Polynomial zigzag matrices, dual minimal bases, and the realization of completely singular polynomials Articles uri icon

publication date

  • January 2016

start page

  • 460

end page

  • 504

issue

  • 1- January

volume

  • 488

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0024-3795

Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)

  • 1873-1856

abstract

  • Minimal bases of rational vector spaces are a well-known and important tool in systems theory. If minimal bases for two subspaces of rational n-space are displayed as the rows of polynomial matrices Z1( )k n and Z2( )m n, respectively, then Z1 and Z2 are said to be dual minimal bases if the subspaces have complementary dimension, i.e., k+m = n, and Z1( )ZT 2 ( ) = 0. In other words, each Zj( ) provides a minimal basis for the nullspace of the other. It has long been known that for any dual minimal bases Z1( ) and Z2( ), the row degree sums of Z1 and Z2 are the same. In this paper we show that this is the only constraint on the row degrees, thus characterizing the possible row degrees of dual minimal bases. The proof is constructive, making extensive use of a new class of sparse, structured polynomial matrices that we have baptized zigzag matrices. Another application of these polynomial zigzag matrices is the constructive solution of the following inverse problem for minimal indices { given a list of left and right minimal indices and a desired degree d, does there exist a completely singular matrix polynomial (i.e., a matrix polynomial with no elementary divisors whatsoever) of degree d having exactly the prescribed minimal indices? We show that such a matrix polynomial exists if and only if d divides the sum of the minimal indices. The constructed realization is simple, and explicitly displays the desired minimal indices in a fashion analogous to the classical Kronecker canonical form of singular pencils.

subjects

  • Mathematics

keywords

  • zigzag matrices; singular matrix polynomials; minimal indices; dual minimal bases; inverse problem; eigenvalue problem