International Trade Policy towards Monopolies and Oligopolies
        Articles
                     
                
        Overview
published in
publication date
- June 2009
start page
- 461
end page
- 475
issue
- 3
volume
- 17
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 0965-7576
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1467-9396
abstract
-     
    	This paper highlights the importance of product differentiation and endogenous R&D in determining the optimal R&D policy, in a model where investment  in cost-reducing R&D is committed before firms compete in a 
 differentiated-goods third-country export market. R&D is always taxed in
 oligopolies for high degrees of product differentiation. For lower degrees of
 product differentiation the duopoly is subsidized or the government remains
 inactive. In contrast, the monopoly is always subsidized. The government with a
 duopoly may be active or inactive depending on the degree of product
 differentiation. Thus, we may observe a reversal in the sign of the optimal
 R&D policy if the degree of product differentiation changes or,
 alternatively, if there is a change in the number of firms. Similar qualitative
 results hold if trade policy uses output subsidies, instead of R&D promotion.
