Mythische Vorbilder des sakralen Gesetzgebers bei Platon (Nomoi I-IV): eine Einführung in den religiösen Hintergrund der Nomoi Articles
Overview
published in
publication date
- April 2010
start page
- 105
end page
- 124
issue
- 2
volume
- 62
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
- 0044-3441
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 1570-0739
abstract
-
This paper focuses on the religious background of lawgiving and its mythical models in books I-IV of the Laws. This latest of Plato's Works deals with the main tasks of a legislator in the ideal political
community. In this dialogue, the lawgiver (nomothetes) is the heir of a
long Greek tradition with mythical and historical forerunners (Solon,
Lycurgus, Epimenides, etc.) who had a special relation with the
divinity. Perhaps the best example of this kind of divine lawgiver is
Minos, who was able of knowing the Gods' will and received from them the
holy laws. In that aspect, Plato depends on the legendary nomothetai
from myth and dwells heavily in oracular procedures as a way of
communication with divinity and acquisition of decrees or confirmation
of laws. If our view is correct, the model for the best possible
constitution comes from Divine Wisdom (i.e. Philosophy) through oracular
mediation from their mythical origins in Crete and Egypt. The medium
between Gods and Men and its mantic practices - as the holy men (theioi
andres) from myth and archaic Greek politics - seems a key figure for a
better understanding of Plato's most complex dialogue.